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Flu/Influenza

HomeHealth TopicsDiseasesFlu/Influenza
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The flu (influenza) is a respiratory illness that can spread from person to person from droplets released in the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. These droplets can land in the mouths or noses of people close by and can be inhaled into the lungs. They can also live on surfaces for 24 to 48 hours, infecting those who touch the surface and then touch their nose or mouth.

There are three main types of the influenza virus: A, B, and C. Types A and B are usually the viruses detected during the Influenza season, which runs between November and April each year.

For more information view our local Influenza activity page.

Symptoms
  • Fever
  • Chills
  • Cough
  • Watery eyes
  • Stuffy nose
  • Sore throat
  • Headache
  • Muscle aches
  • Extreme weakness and fatigue
  • Earaches
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhea

Symptoms will begin about one to four days after exposure to the virus; the average is two days.

If you have the flu, stay home from work/school/childcare until the fever has resolved and you are well enough to participate in activities. Healthcare workers should speak to their occupational health department before returning to work.

How long does it take to recover from the flu?

Most people recover from the flu within five to seven days; however, the very young, old, and people with underlying health conditions could develop serious life threatening complications. Sometimes the cough and fatigue can go on for several weeks, making the return to full activity difficult.

Who has a high risk of influenza-related complications or hospitalization?

  • People of any age with certain chronic health conditions that require medical follow-up
  • People of any age who are residents of long-term care homes and other chronic care facilities
  • People ≥ 65 years of age
  • Children less than five years of age
  • Aboriginal peoples
  • Pregnant women

How can I prevent myself from getting or spreading the flu?

  • Wash your hands often with soap and water
  • Stay home if you have symptoms
  • Cough and sneeze into your sleeve or a tissue
  • Clean high-touch surfaces regularly with disinfectant. Follow the manufacturer instructions.
  • Keep your hands away from your face.
  • Avoid large groups and keep a distance of more than two metres between yourself and others
  • Get your flu shot each year. In Ontario, the influenza vaccine is available for free for anyone over six months of age. It's also safe for pregnant women at all stages of pregnancy and for breastfeeding mothers.

Community Partners and Healthcare Providers

  • Antiviral Medications for Seasonal Influenza: Information for Healthcare Providers
  • Antiviral Medication for Institutional Influenza Outbreak, 2022-2023 Season

More Information:

  • About the Flu Shot
  • Influenza Season Summary Report
  • For more information about influenza
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